WRA-130 Ellie Jensen

the personal details make it easier for a reader to find something relatable with. I've never experienced being an international student but this piece gives a first hand look which is nice as a different perspective. Especially when students walk away from reading this piece they now have a better or more sympathetic understanding of what international students experience. Also because the details where very honest this helps to evoke emotion from the reader. Personally I understand the importance of seeing family and after reading I have a new found respect for international students who do not get the opportunity to. This text was emotional and well written.

emphasis- unemphatic, emphatic: sentence order is important

coordination: choppy sentences, idea's coordinate expresses equality of ideas or details

subordination, use a phrase, use a short modifier

parallelism, and but yet: using parallelism in comparisons, using parallelism with lists, headings and outlines

variety and details, varying sentence length: break some of the long sentences into shorter, simpler ones

subordination: make the main ideas stand out by expressing the less important information in subordinate clause and phrases

varied sentence beginnings: other expressions imporves readability

choosing appropriate language: standard american language vs nonstandard dialect

shortcuts of online communication: stence fragment, missing punctuation, missing capital letter, nonstandard abbreviation and spelling

slang should be revised colloquial language 

technical words, sexist and other baised language: stereotypes of race, ethnicity, age, and othr characteristics

sexist language: avoid demeaning and patronizing language

choosing exact language: why: to write clearly and effectively. How: find the word that fit with your meaning, a grammar checker

word meaning and synonyms, the right word for your meaning, inexact vs. exact

concrete and specific words: clear, exact writing balances absrtact and general words: abstract words name ideas

general words name classes or groups of things, specific words limit a general class such as buildings, by naming a varity

idions are expressions in any language that do not fit the rules for meaning or grammar for instance put up with plug away at make off with, idions that involve prepositions

figurative language: literal vs. figurative 

trite expression are phrases so ild and so often repreated that they have become stale

you may omit words as long as the omission will not confuse reader: completeness

in hast or carelessness, do not omit small words

concise writing makes every word count: wordy vs. concise

listening and taking notes, use your own words, leave space in your notes if you miss something, review shortly your notes after class, writing while reading, previewing, reading twice

summarizing: understand the meaning, distill each section, central idea, support for the central idea, use your own words

becoming an academic writer: know the writing situation in each assignment, develop and organize your writing, synthesize your own and others' ideas, revise and edit your writing, achnowledge your sources

preparing for exams: reviewing and memorizing the material, organizing summaries of the material. testing yourself

use techniques of critical reading: previewing the material, reading and summarizing in your own words

developing a critical response: analyzing, interpresting, synthesizing, evaluation

RIADS: revising, arrangmenet, invention, delivery and style

viewing images critically: previewing an image, reading an image, analyzing an image, interpresting an image, synthesizing ideas about an image, evaluating an image, analyzing multimedia with RAIDS

writing in response to texts, deciding how to respond and forming a response, emphasizing synthesis in your response

determining purpose, clarify your subject and purpose

analyzing audience: achademic writingg, usually intructors are your audience

choosing structure/ content: thesis, support, synthesize, sourcing, organize

academic language: dialect- standard american english, formal vs. imformal, aviod too casual, too wordy, slang, reading academic writing helps

argument: solve problem, change readers opinions, call to action, some cutlures aviod being caught

elements of argument: the subject, claims, evidence, assumptions

writing reasonably: logical thinking, rational, emotional, and ethical appeals, acknowledgement of opposing views

writing reasonably fallacies- errors in argument: non sequitur, red herring, appeal to readrs fera, bandwagon, ad hominem

oversimplifications- things to avoid: generalizations, reductive fallacy, post Hoc fallacy- oversimplifying cause and effect, post Hoc fallacy- assuming events are related, either/ or fallacy- assuming an issue has only two answers

organzing an argument- introduction, body, response, concluson and possbile arrangements

using visual arguemnts- claims, evidence, assumptions and appeals, recognizing fallacies, choice of images

onling writing, emails, collaboration

email: addressing messages, composing messages, reading and responding to messages

collaboration: participating in discussions, working on drafts

creating web com

This article does a good job of displaying all the faults in the cost of getting an education as high of a credential as a PH.D. the cost is plummiting student debt and discouraging young adults from pursuing a career futher. It places pressure on the parents of the student and dependency on student loans making the future of a students career financially a gamble against the sucess of a job possibly from gaining these credientials.

This article has direct quotes from people involved within the system dealing with financial aid for students trying to forfull the requirements for a PH.D giving this article a more professional and personal feel having quotes from people experiencing the situtations the article does well to explain with this financial situation.

This article however notes that this is not a forced situation which is important to show both sides of this issue, that students are resposible being well aware of the burden a debt this large can cost and the determination students have to pay it back. That taking out these loans can almost provide determination or motivation even more so to gain a better occupation because of the now looming debt they are taking on as a major choice as an adult that can forever effect their future hopefully for the better. 

I thought this speech was well done because Nelson Mandela was such an iconic figure in history, its inevitable to be saddened by his loss but Obama did well to attempt to immortalize him. So that the audience is left with a feeling that he is still with us. Somewhat satisfying the wishes of his audience. By noting all the historical and monumental changes this man has brought to the world he is not only respecting the man of honor but he is reminding the audience about the spiritual sense that Mr. Mandela will not leave us becuase he is remembered through his great sacrifice and success.

I feel that is an important portion about a speech because just like Martin Luther King's speech, he also identifies with solutions to the obvious wishes of his audence making himself more relatable also bringing the audience closer as a whole finding a common ground makes something almost seem more impactful. Also Obama uses Mandela as a personal tactic finding things in common and compare between the two saying he lives by Mandela's philosophy attempting to put a positive self image into viewers and future voters. He repeats powerful and uplifting terms frequently such as insperation which is a tactic for impressing upon the audience what message Obama would like his speech to depict. Overall I thoght it was a little long for my taste and dragged on a few repetitive topics, but it was well done. 

This article discusses Marx's construction of economic class separation that stem from a divide between the proletarian, the working class and the bourgeoisie, people in a position of definitve power. There are huge discrepencies throughout this article that hault this ideology from evolving into the mdoern world. That power should only pertain to those in high social class becuase it is assumed that they are inept with the ability of leadership, however, there is no mention of equal oportunities between themselves and the economically deficient class. The refusal to expand opportunities with exclusion only promotes decreasing the opportunity to find the best possible person for specific opportunities. Another discredited notion mention within this piece is of women being ultimately inferior in every plausable aspect. Personally I found this article to be intriguing in the sense to see how far social maturity has evolved from prior ignorance. There are certain changes still in need however social standards and customs have shifted majority for the best since Marxism. 

They begin by addressing the location at Washington D.C. under the Lincoln monument, where, when he was in office, slavery became illegal in the United States. The speech's introduction begins with a powerful reminder that the black community has overcome throughout generations in this nation, however, MLK addresses that they are still, in his words, crippled. He emphasizes that both black and white men have the right to the life liberty and the pursuit of happiness as written out in our constitution.

Almost as a passive warning because MLK was not about retaliating with violence he forewarns his audience members that there will be even more so, disruption and instability without the true equality of all men. This may be a difficult situation but it is key to push forward as a nation and to not look back. The way this speech is structured is clever in the sense the audience is already enthralled with the situation and the hype of the body population at this event he engages more passion by already listing positive events such as the liberation of black people in general and then to attract the masses even more so he notes how powerful citizens as a whole are enough to change the current situation.

Placing power in the lap of the audience is engaging in the sense they now feel they have purpose and a physical duty to uphold. It draws emotion and specifically for this speech MLK almost makes his audience feel responsible for certain actions which are all incumbent signs of a so called attention getter. This speech goes down in history as one of the most prominent speeches in American Culture. Influenced by a man that had a similar dream to thousands of followers to Washington. This speech will not be forgotten. This is a beacon to prove that words can be more influential than violence and why finding a common ground with your audience is so key to powerful words and impactful pieces.

First the author keeps refering to a personification of America. She introduces us to an America that she grew up with, that she remembers it seems fondly of. An America of simplicity and traditions. She discusses all the success during the time periods she refers to noting all the great achievements that are marked in history. I believe that the author does this because its almost in place as a cushion for criticism. She is stating all the good quailites of America almost as a reminder of what former golry it could possibly return to. She refers to America as hopeful and having all the best intentions to protect others, to take in the weak and less desired, to always be a place of protection for citizens. Refering to America as an individual I feel is a way a reader may connect feeling that because they are an American citizen they are a portion that makes the America a whole. However I did not like How after she criticizes what America has become, she poses no solutions it leaves a sour notion in a readers mind about one of the most powerful countries in the world. I feel like someone who is posing herself as an average American citizen its pointing out issues that she doesn't necessarily have full conclusions to nor understand the entirety of these issues. I feel like for this text to have purpose she should have posed solutions to everything she was calling America out on.

revision is re-seeing

have a relationship with drafts- work on problems and not fearing making changes

what is yor draft trying to do?

-readerbased prose

-writer based prose

is the question I'm asking clear and sufficently limited?

Have I answered "so what"

is there one most important thing I'm trying to say

purpose is clear and how well the information is organized around its purpose

re-researching

-find quick facts

local revision: revising for language

listening to the voice

aviod sound glib- don't draw attention away from the information in the paper 

tightening seams between what you say and what they say

scrutinizing paragraphs

scrutinizing sentences

editing for simplicity 

take out unneed or confusing words

be reader friendly

follow the instructed format this helps direct the reader a bit

looking closely

already manuscripted, pruning sentences  and tghtening things up

proofread

make sure all grammer is correct

aviod sexiest language

first we're introduced to a situation with the frustrations of abreviations, how grammatical structure in America's english language by no means is what it originally intailed.  How "slag" or "sayings" have become missleading to the original message they're trying to convey. Mrs. Klass finds it interesting when people place sports terms into different situations, his exam medical situations. That a hit is considered a win or a success but rarely called that.

the specific language he writes about in the medical feild, he claims that it creates a speical atmosphere, a closeness that reassuring to people in this feild under stress. He was a medical student and he said he felt proud once he "Cracked the code" of how doctors spoke and wrote, which i thought was interesting perhaps a sense of being more so apart of the medical crowd, even closer to being a doctor if you figure the communication skills. 

He notes however when you're surrounded by a different language the majority of the day you try not to let these set of communcation skills change you. I thought that was a good point, that people sound keep in contact with the same basic level of language or else no one outside for example the hospital would have any comprehension of what you're trying to say. At the end of the piece he states that the most important part of medical jargon is to keep distance from patients. Becomming attached is not necessarily a good thing especially if he or she "boxed." The medical feild is a tolling job with alot of responsibilities and having almost a separate language is interesting becuase it in turn almost pulls you away from the situation a bit more creating distance between the patient and yourself.